B-s1,d0 vs ASTM Class A: Fire Ratings for Wallcoverings Explained

Fire performance is the line in a wallcovering specification most likely to be queried at submission. Two systems turn up on Malaysian and regional projects, often side by side: the European EN 13501-1 reaction-to-fire classes and the American ASTM E84 surface-burning test. They measure different things, so it helps to know both.

EN 13501-1: the "B-s1,d0" code

The European class has three parts. The letter (A1, A2, B, C, D, E, F) describes the material's contribution to fire growth. B is the best class achievable by most organic finishes and means a very limited contribution to fire. The s figure rates smoke production from s1 (lowest) to s3. The d figure rates flaming droplets from d0 (none) to d2. B-s1,d0 is therefore the strongest result a decorative wallcovering can practically achieve.

ASTM E84: Class A

The tunnel test measures how far flame spreads along a sample (Flame Spread Index, FSI) and how much smoke it produces (Smoke Developed Index, SDI). Class A requires an FSI of 0 to 25 and an SDI of 450 or less. Specifications written by American or international hotel brands usually ask for Class A.

Which VÉLLANO materials are fire-rated?

Two small-width materials carry both classifications: Fabric Backed FR+ (15 oz Osnaburg-backed, 1,295 mm print width) and DuraFlex FR (15 oz/ly, linen-weave emboss). Specify one of these for corridors, lift lobbies, healthcare, education and any escape route.

What about the paper-backed and non-woven ranges?

The Eco, Canvas and Luxe ranges carry strong emissions and durability credentials but are not marketed as fire-rated. Keep them to rooms where your fire engineer confirms a rating is not required, such as residences, hotel guest rooms and private offices, depending on local authority requirements.

Download the EU fire classification certificate for your submission, or send us the project's fire strategy and we will recommend a compliant material.